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experiment. The gravitational factors entered through the consideration of the mass of the electrified
bodies.
The newly discovered force was quite obviously the resultant physical effect of an electro-gravitational
interaction. It represented the first actual evidence of the very basic relationship. The force was named
"gravitator action" for want of a better term and the apparatus or system of masses employed was
called a "gravitator."
Figure 1 ~
Since the time of the first test the apparatus and the methods used have been greatly improved and
simplified. Cellular "gravitators" have taken the place of the large balls of lead. Rotating frames
supporting two and four gravitators have made possible acceleration measurements. Molecular
gravitators made of solid blocks of massive dielectric have given still greater efficiency. Rotors and
pendulums operating under oil have eliminated atmospheric considerations as to pressure, temperature
and humidity. The disturbing effects of ionization, electron emission and pure electro-statics have
likewise been carefully analyzed and eliminated. Finally after many years of tedious work and with
refinement of methods we succeeded in observing the gravitational variations produced by the moon
and sun and much smaller variations produced by the different planets. It is a curious fact that the
effects are most pronounced when the affecting body is in the alignment of the differently charged
elements and least pronounced when it is at right angles.
Much of the credit for this research is due to Dr. Paul Biefield, Director of Swazey Observatory. The
writer is deeply indebted to him for his assistance and for his many valuable and timely suggestions.
Gravitator Action an Impulse ~
Let us take, for example, the case of a gravitator totally immersed in oil but suspended so as to act as a
pendulum and swing along the line of its elements.
Figure 2 ~

When the direct current with high voltage (75-300 kilovolts) is applied the gravitator swings up the arc
until its propulsive force balances the force of the earth's gravity resolved to that point, then it stops,
but it does not remain there. The pendulum then gradually returns to the vertical or starting position
even while the potential is maintained. The pendulum swings only to one side of the vertical. Less than
five seconds is required for the test pendulum to reach the maximum amplitude of the swing but from
thirty to eighty seconds are required for it to return to zero.
Figure 3 ~
The total time or duration of the impulse varies with such cosmic conditions as the relative position and
distance of the moon, sun and so forth. It is in no way affected by fluctuations in the supplied voltage
and averages the same for every mass or material under test. The duration of the impulse is governed
solely by the condition of the gravitational field. It is a value which is unaffected by changes in the
experimental set-up, voltage applied or type of gravitator employed. Any number of different kinds of
gravitators operating simultaneously on widely different voltages would reveal exactly the same

impulse duration at any instant. Over an extended period of time all gravitators would show equal
variations in the duration of the impulse.
Figure 4 ~
After the gravitator is once fully discharged, its impulse exhausted, the electrical potential must be
removed for at least five minutes in order that it may recharge itself and regain its normal gravitic
condition. The effect is much like that of discharging and charging a storage battery, except that
electricity is handled in a reverse manner. When the duration of the impulse is great the time required
for complete recharge is likewise great. The times of discharge and recharge are always proportional.
Technically speaking, the exo-gravitic rate and the endo-gravitic rate are proportional to the gravitic
capacity.
Summing up the observations of the electro-gravitic pendulum the following characteristics are noted:
APPLIED VOLTAGE determines only the amplitude of the swing.
APPLIED AMPERAGE is only sufficient to overcome leakage and maintain the required voltage
through the losses of the dielectric. Thus the total load approximates on 37 ten-millionths of an ampere.
It apparently has no other relation to the movement at least from the present state of physics.
MASS of the dielectric is a factor in determining the total energy involved in the impulse. For a given
amplitude an increase in mass is productive of an increase in the energy exhibited by the system (E =
mg).
DURATION OF THE IMPULSE with electrical conditions maintained is independent of all of the
foregoing factors. It is governed solely by external gravitational conditions, positions of the moon, sun,
etc., and represents the total energy or summation of energy values which are effective at that instant.
Figure 5 ~

GRAVITATIONAL ENERGY LEVELS are observable as the pendulum returns from the maximum
deflection to the zero point or vertical position. The pendulum hesitates in its return movement on
definite levels or steps. The relative position and influence of these steps vary continuously every
minute of the day. One step or energy value corresponds in effect to each cosmic body that is
influencing the electrified mass or gravitator. By merely tracing a succession of values over a period of
time a fairly intelligible record of the paths and the relative gravitational effects of the moon, sun, etc.,
may be obtained.
In general then, every material body possesses inherently within its substance separate and distinct
energy levels corresponding to the gravitational influences of every other body. these levels are readily
revealed as the electro-gravitic impulse dies and as the total gravitic content of the body is slowly
released.
Figure 6 ~
The gravitator, in all reality, is a very efficient electric motor. Unlike other forms of motors it does not
in any way involve the principles of electromagnetism, but instead it utilizes the newer principles of
electro-gravitation. A simple gravitator has no moving parts but is apparently capable of moving itself
from within itself. it is highly efficient for the reason that it uses no gears, shafts, propellers or wheels

in creating its motive power. It has no internal resistance and no observable rise in temperature.
Contrary to the common belief that gravitational motors must necessarily be vertical-acting the
gravitator, it is found, acts equally well in every conceivable direction.
While the gravitator is at present primarily a scientific instrument, perhaps even an astronomical
instrument, it also is rapidly advancing to a position of commercial value. Multi-impulse gravitators
weighing hundreds of tons may propel the ocean liners of the future. Smaller and more concentrated
units may propel automobiles and even airplanes. Perhaps even the fantastic "space cars" and the
promised visit to Mars may be the final outcome. Who can tell?
British Patent # 300,311 (Nov. 15, 1928)
A Method of & an Apparatus or Machine for Producing Force or Motion
I, Thomas Townsend Brown, a citizen of the USA, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement: ---
This invention relates to a method of controlling gravitation and for deriving power therefrom, and to a
method of producing linear force or motion. The method is fundamentally electrical.
The invention also relates to machines or apparatus requiring electrical energy that control or influence
the gravitational field or the energy of gravitation; also to machines or apparatus requiring electrical
energy that exhibit a linear force or motion which is believed to be independent of all frames of
reference save that which is at rest relative to the universe taken as a whole, and said linear force or
motion is furthermore believed to have no equal and opposite reaction that can be observed by any
method commonly known and accepted by the physical science to date.
The invention further relates to machines or apparatus that depend for their force action or motive
power on the gravitational field or energy of gravitation that is being controlled or influenced as above
stated; also, to machines or apparatus that depend for their force action or motive power on the linear
force action or motive power on the linear force or motion exhibited by such machines or apparatus
previously mentioned.
The invention further relates to machines and apparatus that derive usable energy or power from the
gravitational field or from the energy of gravitation by suitable arrangement, using such machines and
apparatus as first above stated as principal agents.
To show the universal adaptability of my novel invention, said method is capable of practical
performance and use in connection with motors for automobiles, space cars, ships, railway locomotion,
prime movers for power installations, aeronautics. Still another field is the use of the method and
means enabling the same to function as a gravitator weight changer. Specific embodiments of the
invention will be duly disclosed through the medium of the present Specification.
Referring to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this Specification:
Figure 1 is an elevation, with accompanying descriptive data, broadly illustrating the characteristic or
essential elements associated with any machine or apparatus in the use of which the gravitational field
or the energy of gravitation is utilized and controlled, or in the use of which linear force or motion may
be produced.

Figure 2 is a similar view of negative and positive electrodes with an interposed insulating member,
constituting an embodiment of the invention.
Figure 3 is a similar view of a cellular gravitator composed of a plurality of cell units connected in
series, capable of use in carrying the invention into practice.
Figure 4 is an elevation of positive and negative electrodes diagrammatically depicted to indicate their
relation and use when conveniently placed and disposed within a vacuum tube.
Figure 5 and 5' are longitudinal sectional views showing my gravitator units embodies in vacuum tube
form wherein heating to incandescence is permitted as by electrical resistance or induction at the
negative electrode; and also permitting, where desired, the conducting of excessive heat away from the
anode or positive electrode by means of air or water cooling devices.
Figure 6 is an elevation or an embodiment of my invention in a rotary or wheel type of motor utilizing

the cellular gravitators illustrated in Figure 3.
Figure 7 is a view similar to Figure 6 of another wheel form or rotary type of motor involving the use
of the gravitator units illustrated in Figure 5, or Figure 5'.
Figure 8 is a perspective view partly in section of the cellular gravitator of Figure 3 illustrating the
details thereof.
Figures 9, 10 and 10a are detail views of the cellular gravitator.

Figure 11 is a view similar to Figure 3 with the same idea incorporated in a rotary motor.
Figures 12 and 13 are detail views thereof.